Questions
Questions about genetic testing.
Answers to the questions people ask most, from what DNA is to what a result means for you.
What is DNA?
DNA is the biological blueprint of life. It is a complex molecule present in nearly every cell of the body and contains the instructions required for growth, development, and maintenance. DNA is written in a four-letter code of adenine (A), thymine (T), guanine (G) and cytosine (C). Together these form the human genome, which is around six billion characters long.
What are chromosomes?
DNA is organised into structures called chromosomes. Humans have 46 chromosomes. We inherit 23 from each parent. Genes are segments of DNA located on chromosomes, many of which encode proteins that influence physical traits, biological processes, and disease susceptibility.
When is genetic testing recommended?
Genetic testing can be clinically valuable across many areas of health, including earlier screening and personalised medical care. At iGenetx, we see genetics as a lifelong resource that supports informed, proactive health decisions. The first step is a conversation with our team, who will help you decide whether genetic testing is right for you and which test fits.
What are genetic tests with clinical utility?
Genetic testing involves analysing a person’s genes to identify variations that may influence health. At iGenetx, our tests are clinically actionable because we focus on genes supported by strong scientific and medical evidence. All identified genetic variants undergo rigorous interpretation and secondary review by experienced geneticists to ensure accuracy, clinical relevance, and reliable reporting.
Who should consider a genetic test?
iGenetx offers genetic services for individuals seeking a proactive, personalised approach to their health, as well as for those with symptoms, medical histories, or family backgrounds that warrant genetic investigation. Before you buy, our team will talk it through with you and help you choose the test that fits your question.
What is Whole Genome Sequencing (WGS)?
Whole Genome Sequencing (WGS) is the most comprehensive form of genetic testing. It reads the complete DNA sequence: the billions of genetic letters that encode all human genes. This enables an in-depth evaluation of genetic variants across the entire genome, providing a long-term resource for personalised healthcare.
What is Next Generation Sequencing (NGS)?
Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) refers to advanced technologies that allow millions of DNA fragments to be sequenced simultaneously. This has significantly improved accuracy, reduced turnaround times, and lowered costs, making comprehensive genetic testing accessible for clinical use.
Why sequence the entire genome?
Whole genome sequencing allows your complete genetic information to be analysed and securely stored as a lifelong medical resource. This enables healthcare to be personalised based on your unique biology. As scientific knowledge advances, your genome can be re-analysed to uncover new clinically relevant insights, supporting preventive and precision medicine throughout life.
What does it mean to have a genetic variant?
All individuals carry thousands of genetic variants, most of which are benign and contribute to normal human diversity. Some variants may slightly increase disease risk, while others have clinical significance and may require medical attention. Interpretation of genetic results should always be conducted with a qualified genetic counsellor to ensure accurate understanding and appropriate clinical management.
Is it bad to be a carrier of a genetic change?
Being a carrier of a genetic variant is common and not inherently harmful. Identifying carrier status is beneficial, as it enables preventive strategies, informed monitoring, and personalised healthcare planning. Early awareness often leads to better outcomes and more effective medical management.
Will I develop a condition if I am a carrier?
Not necessarily. Humans have two copies of most genes. In recessive conditions, disease develops only when both gene copies are affected. Carriers usually have one normal and one altered copy and do not develop the disease themselves. However, this information is important for family planning, as two carriers of the same condition may have children at risk.
Can my genome change over time?
No. Your genetic sequence remains unchanged throughout your life. What evolves is scientific knowledge. As research progresses, new discoveries may emerge, making your genome a lifelong resource that can be revisited to inform future healthcare decisions.
Why does the cost of genetic testing vary?
The cost of genetic testing depends on the technology used, the amount of DNA analysed, and the level of clinical expertise required for interpretation. Whole genome sequencing provides the most comprehensive and clinically impactful data. At iGenetx, every report is reviewed by a geneticist. The conversation with our team before you buy is free, and a genetic counselling session after your results is available and charged separately.
Still have a question?
Talk it through with our team before you buy. There is no charge for this conversation.